• More experiential, inquiry-based, and hands-on learning

• More active learning in the classroom, with all the attendant noise and movement of students doing, talking, and collaborating

• More emphasis on higher-order thinking, emphasizing a discipline's key concepts and principles and ways of constructing knowledge

• More time devoted to reading whole, original "real" books and non-fiction materials, rather than excerpts or summaries

• More responsibility transferred to students for their work: i.e., goal-setting, record-keeping, monitoring, and evaluation

• More choice for students, i.e., choosing their own books, writing topics, team partners, research projects

• More attention to the affective needs and the varying cognitive styles of individual students

• More cooperative, collaborative activity: developing the classroom as an interdependent community

• More varied and cooperative roles for teachers, parents, and administrators

• Expanded assessment repertoires, including teacher observations, anecdotal information, performance assessment tasks, and portfolios

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